The compartment fire test was conducted on the 9.1 m x 6.1 m steel-concrete composite floor, located in the south-central bay of the two-story steel gravity frame two bays by three bays in plan. The test floor assembly was designed and constructed to achieve a 2-hour fire-resistance rating per American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard E119. The fire-exposed composite slab was reinforced with the steel wire mesh mat (60 mm2/m) equivalent to the minimum code-prescribed steel reinforcement for shrinkage and temperature crack control under normal conditions. The fire exposure condition was created using natural gas burners to mimic a standard temperature-time relationship in the upper layer of the test compartment. During fire exposure, the heated floor assembly was subjected to a mechanical load of 2.7 kPa, determined from the gravity load combination for extraordinary events as permitted by the applicable building code. This is the dataset from the first (Test #1) of four compartment fire tests conducted as part of the research project "Measurement of Structural Performance in Fire: Steel-Concrete Composite Floor Systems Subject to Fire Phase 2" under the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Engineering Laboratory's Fire Risk Reduction in Buildings Program.